Novel Tests

Explore our research into novel biomarker testing

Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGE)

Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) promotes inflammation. It triggers inflammation by binding to advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which form when proteins and fats react with sugars in the bloodstream. A soluble form of RAGE exists which can bind AGEs without triggering inflammation. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) may act as a protective "decoy receptor", helping to reduce inflammation by preventing AGEs from activating RAGE.

Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGE)

Why Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGE) matters

Low levels of sRAGE may reflect a reduced ability to counteract the harmful effects of increased AGE production resulting from poor diet and lifestyle and have been suggested as a general indicator of poor health. Low levels have been associated with poor metabolic health, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Higher levels of sRAGE may be protective and have been linked to healthy aging and better control of inflammation. However, the relationship between sRAGE and disease is complex. While low sRAGE may indicate increased risk of developing chronic metabolic and inflammatory conditions, elevated sRAGE levels have also been reported in chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, and coronary heart disease. In these settings, higher sRAGE may reflect reduced kidney function or an ongoing response to excessive inflammation and could be a marker of disease severity rather than protection.

Ready To Transform Your Laboratory Services?

Elevate your healthcare provider experience. Speak with us today to discuss your health service needs.

References


Basta, G. L. (2010). Circulating soluble receptor of advanced glycation end product inversely correlates with atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney International, 225-231.Basta, G. S. (2006). Circulating soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products is inversely associated with glycemic control and S100A12 protein. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 4628-4634.Devangelio, E. S. (2007). Soluble RAGE in type 2 diabetes: association with oxidative stress. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 511-518.Dozio, E. B. (2017). Relationship between soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), body composition and fat distribution in healthy women. European Journal of Nutrition, 2557-2564.Erusalimsky, J. D. (2021). The use of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation-end products (sRAGE) as a potential biomarker of disease risk and adverse outcomes. Redox Biology, 101958.Falcone, C. B. (2013). Soluble RAGE plasma levels in patients with coronary artery disease and peripheral artery disease. The Scientific World Journal, 584504.Falcone, C. E. (2005). Plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and coronary artery disease in nondiabetic men. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 1032-1037.Geroldi, D. F. (2006). High levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products may be a marker of extreme longevity in humans. Journal of the Americam Geriatrics Society, 1149-1150.Huang, M. Q. (2015). Correlation of the plasma levels of soluble RAGE and endogenous secretory RAGE with oxidative stress in pre-diabetic patients. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 422-426.Hudson, B. I. (2014). Serum levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products and metabolic syndrome: the Northern Manhattan Study. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 1125-1130.Issa, H. A. (2012). Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products: a new biomarker in diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Life Science Journal, 1623-1629.Ivancovsky-Wajcman, D. Z. (2019). Serum soluble receptor for AGE (sRAGE) levels are associated with unhealthy lifestyle and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology, 1-10.Jensen, L. J. (2015). Dynamic changes in sRAGE levels and relationship with cardiac function in STEMI patients. Clinical Biochemistry, 297-301.Kalousová, M. H. (2006). Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in patients with decreased renal function. American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 406-411.Kalousová, M. J. (2007). Receptor for advanced glycation end products - soluble form and gene polymorphism in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, 2020-2026.Kanikowska, D. K. (2024). Assessment of EN-RAGE, sRAGE, and its isoforms: cRAGE, esRAGE in obese patients treated by moderate caloric restriction combined with physical activity conducted in hospital condition. Cytokine, 156665.Kierdorf, K. (2013). RAGE regulation and signaling in inflammation and beyond. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 55-68.Koyama, H. S. (2005). Plasma levels of endogenous secretory RAGE is associated with components of the metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 2587-2593.Laudenslager, M. L. (2021). Association between the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and NAFLD in participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Digestive and Liver Disease, 873-878.McNair, E. D. (2009). Low levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in non-STE elevation myocardial infarction patients. The International Journal of Angiology, 187-192.McNair, E. D. (2011). Inverse association between cardiac troponin-I and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The International Journal of Angiology, 49-54.Miranda, E. R. (2017). Circulating soluble RAGE isoforms are attenuated in obese, impaired-glucose-tolerant individuals and are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. American Journal of Physiology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, E631-E640.Nakamura, K. Y. (2007). Elevation of soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in diabetic subjects with coronary artery disease . Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 368-371.Nakashima, A. C. (2010). Effect of circulating soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and the proinflammatory RAGE ligand (EN-RAGE, S100A12) on mortality in hemodialysis patients. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2213-2219.Norata, G. D. (2009). Circulating soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products is inversely associated with body mass index and waist/hip ratio in the general population. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 129-134.Palma-Duran, S. A. (2018). Serum levels of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and the decoy soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) can identify non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in age-, sex- and BMI-matched normo-glycemic adults. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 120-127.Park, H. J. (2011). Soluble receptor of advanced glycated end products is associated with plaque vulnerability in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation Journal, 1685-1690.Prasad, K. D. (2016). AGEs/sRAGE, a novel risk factor in the pathogenesis of end-stage renal disease. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 105-114.Rebholz, C. M. (2015). Association of plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and risk of kidney disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, 77-83.Reyaz, A. A. (2020). Methylglyoxal and soluble RAGE in type 2 diabetes mellitus: association with oxidative stress. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, 515-521.Sabbatinelli, J. C. (2022). Circulating levels of AGEs and soluble RAGE isoforms are associated with all-cause mortality and development of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 95.Selvin, E. H. (2013). sRAGE and risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and death. Diabetes, 2116-2121.Steenbeke, M. S. (2022). The role of advanced glycation end products and its soluble receptor in kidney diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 3439.Tam, X. H. (2011). Enhanced expression of receptor for advanced glycation end-products is associated with low circulating soluble isoforms of the receptor in type 2 diabetes. Clinical Science, 81-89.Tayyib, N. A. (2023). Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is associated with obesity rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional study. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 275.Villegas-Rodríguez, M. E. (2016). The AGE-RAGE axis and its relationship to markers of cardiovascular disease in newly diagnosed diabetic patients. PLOS One, e0159175.Wong, F. N. (2016). Association between plasma soluble RAGE and renal function is unaffected by medication usage and enzymatic antioxidants in chronic kidney disease with type 2 diabetes. Clinica Chimica Acta, 56-61.Yilmaz, Y. U. (2009). Decreased plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clinical Biochemistry, 802-807.Zakiyanov, O. K. (2011). Serum S100A12 (EN-RAGE) levels in patients with decreased renal function and subclinical chronic inflammatory disease. Kidney & Blood Pressure Research, 457-464.Zakiyanov, O. K. (2013). Placental growth factor, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, sRAGE, extracellular newly identified RAGE binding protein and HMGB-1 levels in patients with acute kidney injury: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrology, 245.Zelber-Sagi, S. S. (2017). Protective role of soliuble receptor for advanced glycation end-products in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Digestive and Liver Disease, 523-529.