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Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21)

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone produced primarily by the liver that plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity and energy balance. FGF21 production increases in response to metabolic stress, including fasting and changes in nutrient intake. Research suggests that FGF21 may have protective metabolic effects, helping to improve insulin sensitivity and regulate fat accumulation.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21)

Why Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) matters

Elevated FGF21 levels have been observed in individuals with obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Higher concentrations have also been associated with cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis. These findings suggest that increased FGF21 may reflect the body's compensatory response to metabolic dysfunction. FGF21 measurement shows potential as a biomarker of metabolic health, particularly in assessing liver fat accumulation, insulin resistance and the risk of metabolic disease. Research has also demonstrated associations between changes in circulating FGF21 and liver fat content, highlighting its potential relevance to non-invasive liver health assessment. Further research is needed to establish its clinical applications.

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References

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